Hydrogen inhalation protects against acute lung injury induced by hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation
by Atsunori Nakao, Hayato Yamashita, Keisuke Kohama, Michiko Aoyama-Ishikawa, Joji Kotani, Takeshi Nishimura, Timothy R. Billiar, Toru Takahashi
Abstract:
Hemorrhagic shock followed by fluid resuscitation (HS/R) triggers an inflammatory response and causes pulmonary inflammation that can lead to acute lung injury (ALI). Hydrogen, a therapeutic gas, has potent cytoprotective, antiinflammatory, and antioxidant effects. This study examined the effects of inhaled hydrogen on ALI caused by HS/R. Rats were subjected to hemorrhagic shock by withdrawing blood to lower blood pressure followed by resuscitation with shed blood and saline to restore blood pressure. After HS/R, the rats were maintained in a control gas of similar composition to room air or exposed to 1.3% hydrogen. HS/R induced ALI, as demonstrated by significantly impaired gas exchange, congestion, edema, cellular infiltration, and hemorrhage in the lungs. Hydrogen inhalation mitigated lung injury after HS/R, as indicated by significantly improved gas exchange and reduced cellular infiltration and hemorrhage. Hydrogen inhalation did not affect hemodynamic status during HS/R. Exposure to 1.3% hydrogen significantly attenuated the upregulation of the messenger RNAs for several pro-inflammatory mediators induced by HS/R. Lipid peroxidation was reduced significantly in the presence of hydrogen, indicating antioxidant effects. Hydrogen, administered through inhalation, may exert potent therapeutic effects against ALI induced by HS/R and attenuate the activation of inflammatory cascades. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2015.03.038
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